Vapor-stove



(No Mode1.) L r 3 Sheets-Slmet 3. 11A. LYMAN.

' VAPOR STOVE.

N0 293,259. Patented Feb. 12, 1884.

WITNESSES N. PEYERs. Pholo-Lilhuguplmn Washington. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ronnron ALLEN LYMAN, or CLEVELAND, onro.

VAPOR-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 293,259, dated February 12, 1884.

Application filed September 1,1883. (No model.)

To all whom it concern:

Be it known that I, FORDYOE A. LYMAN, of Cleveland, in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and,

useful Improvements in Vapor-Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in vapor-stoves; and it consists in certain features of construction and in combination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims. I The object of my invention is to provide vapor-burnin g stove in which any desired number of burners, and located near together or widely separated, maybesuppliedfroma single gas-generator; also, by the arrangement and construction of parts, together with the accumulation of heat in the generator, I am able to dispense with. the needle-valve, replacing it with a plug-valve that is moredurable.

Some portions of my present invention are improvements on a device for which I have already obtained Letters Patent, No. 275,677, dated April 10, 1883, and to which reference is made in this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved vapor'stove. Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation view of the generator and attachments. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in vertical section of the lower valve and attachments. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the vaporizing-chamber and attachments. Fig. 5 is a cross-section in detail,illustrating the manner of constructing my improved valves. Fig.

6 is a plan View of the bottom of my improved burner. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the same, and Fig. 8 is a view in vertical section through the generator and combustionchamber. f V

A represents the top part of the stove; A, the legs, and a the braces. Bis a retort expanding laterally into a broad vaporizingchamber, B, and provided just below with the chamber 0. As shown in myLetters Patent aforesaid, and in Fig. 8, this chamber 0 is divided inside'by a perforated ring or band, m, of metal, into two parts, the outer part forming a commingling chamber and the inner part forming a combustion-chamber, in which the heat surrounds the inclosed part of the retort, and, passing up through an annular opening in the top of the part C, impinges against the bottom part of the chamber B, causing this part to beintensely heated. Thepart O is provided with the hollow curved neck a in open relation with the said commingling-chamber, and terminating with its outer opening just under the discharging-orifice of the vapor-valve b. This construction of parts enables the gas to pass directly from the generator to the commingling-chamber without the intervention of a series of winding passages.

In the construction of vapor-stoves it has been considered necessary to use needle-valves with the valve passing through the vaporizing-chamber, in order that the needle-point might, when the valve was closed, protrude through the jet-orifice and keep it .free from paraffine and like substances; or, in other words, keep the orifice open. The frequent repairs required to keep thiskind of valve in order were annoying and expensive. The constant use of the valve would soon make the jet -orifice too large; also, the wear on the threads of the valve-stem would soon cause a breakage, to which the valve was exposed even when closed. In my device patented as aforesaid the vaporizing-chamber B, becomes heated to such a degree as to preclude the pos sibility of parafiine or any similar substance remaining in the j et-orifice. This removes the necessity of the needle-valve, and I have invented a new valve and combination of parts more durable and better adapted to the requirements in the premises. The chamber B, at'points where valves are required, is provided with projections or bosses of proper shape, as shown at b, b, and b, and preferably integral with the part B.

D are valve-stems, provided with the handwheels D.

In Fig. 5 is shownan enlarged section of one of the bosses b and the contiguous part of the chamber B and the manner of constructing the valve. V

First. A hole, (I, is drilled from the outside of the boss into the said chamber, and the outer end of the hole is threaded and plugged, as shown. A second hole is drilled parallel also is threaded and plugged, but with a jet- I generator, and heat obtained that will readily orifice of the required size through the plug, as shown at d. A third hole is now drilled at right angles with the first two, crossing the second hole and penetrating the hole (I. The outer end of this last hole is threaded and the inner end is made smaller, forming a shoulder, and to which the valve-stem is fitted. The valve 1) is made by drilling a large hole nearly into the chamber B, then drilling a smaller hole the remaining distance, thus forming the requiredshoulder forthevalve-seat,after which the outer'end of the hole is threaded and the valve-stem D fitted, as shown. Next, a hole intersecting the first hole is made from below, andprovided with the aforesaid hollow plug, that forms the jet-orifice that discharges into the part 0. Valve b is similar in construction to valves 1). It will be seen that when these valves are closed there will be no leakage around the threads of the valve-stems, and that the valves are much larger and more durable than needle-valves.

Second. Operating the valve does not wear the j et-orifice, and these are consequently durable. If, however, by corrosion or other means, a jet-orifice becomes damaged, it can be replaced by a new one with trifling cost. Also, the jet-orifices are made of different sizes, ac cording to the work to be performed; but all are of standard sizes.

E are commingling-tubes, bent preferably at about a right angle, and provided with the bracket-arm e, integral with the tubes, and by means of which the tubes are easily attached to the plate A. The upper end of thesetubes are somewhat enlarged, as shown in Fig. 1 at spider, f, and between the perforated metal band f, all held firmly together by the bolt f Years ago many experiments were made with these commingling-tubes,but with what ill suc cess is shown by the fact that there is none of them in market. The causes of such failure were twofold, to wit: First,-the comminglingtubes were too small, thereby preventing the gas from uniting with a sufficient quantity of air to insure a successful and economical result; second, the gas-jets projecting into these commingling-tubes were ofso low temperature that they were condensed before reaching the burners. This last difficulty is remedied by the use of my improved generator, by means or which any required degree of heat may be imparted to the gas-jet. The size of these commingling-tubes depend upon their required length. For instance, in an ordinary stove, where the horizontal part of ,the tube is required to be about ten inches long, the inside diameter of the tube is one and one-quarter (1 4-) inch, and the size of the jet-orifice for ordinary use about one sixty-fourth of an inch in diameter. With a six-inch tube and one-eighth inch jet-orifice, the burner may be located from twelve to fifteen feet from the fuse copper. It is desirable to have a short bend in these commingling-tubes, as shown, for the purpose of breaking the current and thoroughly commingling the gas and'air. Beyond the bend the upright part should be from three to four diameters in length, in order that the current inside may again become smooth and uniform before reaching the burner. 'By this means the puffing so common in vapor-stoves will be avoided.

Just below the central burner is attached the shield G, preferably somewhat larger than the chamber 13, and is designed to protect the parts below from any dripping from above.

H is the supplypipe, provided with the valve h, by means of which the flow of the liquid into the retort B is controlled. The part J is chambered and threaded, and receives the ends of the pipe H and the lower end of the retort B, and is in open relation with each, except as controlled by the valve 71 as aforesaid. The valve 71, as shown, is

seated and operated in the part J. The lower.

part of the vertical chamber below the end of the retort 13 forms a drip-chamber, .and is provided with an orifice, j, throughwhich the tar and other refuse may be discharged by removing the cap I, which, as is shown, is provided with the packing i.

The operation of the device is as follows: The material for combustion is supplied from the pipe II and valve h to the retort B. A portion of the fluid may be drawn from the valve bthrough the neck 0 and into the chamber O, and there ignited to heat the chamber 13. hen the chamber B is suffieientlyheated, the valve 1) is again opened and a jet of gas discharged through the neck 0 and into the commingling -chamber, from. there through the perforated plates into the combustionehamber within, and is then bur-nedto supply heat to the retort and the chamber B, as aforesaid. WVith this construction the generating-chamber and attachments are so heated that the heavy oils, and even lard, maybe vaporized. The passage of the gas is so direct from the chamber B to the jet-orifies, and without the intervention of pipe-spaces or any other means by which the gas could be reduced in temperature, that any auxiliary heating device about the valve 1) and. the neck 0 is unnecessary. The passage of the gas through the commingling-tubes E to the burners has already been described.

I am aware that it is not new to employ a 1. The combination, with an oil stove or stand and commingling-tubes secured thereto, and provided with burners, of the generator situated between the free ends of the commingling-tube, and a supply-pipe for supplying' oil to the generator. A

2. The combination, with an oil stove or stand, thebent commingling-tubes secured to the stand, and burners secured to the commingling-tubes, of a generator situated be tween the commingling-tubes, and separate and independent therefrom, and a burner situated above the generating-chamber, substantially as set forth.

3. The,combination, with an oil stove or stand, the bent comminglingtubes secured thereto and provided with burners, of the generator situated between the free ends of the commingling-tubes, and valves for closing the orifices in the generator and the supply-pipe.

4. The combination,.with the generatingchamber, provided with a jet-orifice and a valve for regulating the flow of vapor therefrom, of a commingling-chamber. constructed substantiallyas described, surrounding the supply-pipe, and provided with an upwardlypro ecting spout, 0, which latter terminates below the jet-orifice, whereby the gas is prowithout the intervention of a series of passages, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a vaporizinggral with the part 0, of the boss I), integral.

with the generating-chamber B, and provided with a suitable valve mechanism, and adapted,

by means of the short route thus provided,

for the passage of heated gases from the gencrating-chamber to the commingling-chamber with so little loss of heat that no auxiliary heating device is required, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of two witnesses, this 15th day of August, 1883.

FORDYOE ALLEN LYMAN.

Witnesses:

FRANK HUBBELL, OHAs. H. DORER. 

